skē̆ i-

    skē̆ i-

    English meaning: to cut, separate

    Deutsche Übersetzung: ‘schneiden, trennen, scheiden”

    Note: extension from sek-; initial sound partly also sk̂-, skh-, sk̂h-, as in the continuing formation

    Material: I. O.Ind. chyati “ clips “, participle chüta-, chitá- “ cut, cropps, truncates, cuts off “, Kaus. chüyayati (with sk̂-, like:) Maybe Alb. (*chüyayati) çaj, çajta (aor.), çava (aor.) “cut, separate”. Av. fra-sünǝm “ destruction “, sü-, sya- “ to fight “; Gk. σχάω (*skhǝi̯ ō, Impf. ἔσχwν, Inf. κατα-σχᾶν), σχάζω (neologism, Schwyzer Gk. 1, 716) “ scratches, slits “ and “ drop, hang down flaccidly, restrains, stays open “, σχάσις “ the scratches, bleeding; release, to let sb/sth go “, σχάσμα n., σχασμός m. “ incision “, σχαστήριον “ fleam, latch, bolt “, σχαστηρία “ the rope (serving for the separation of the spectators) before the racetrack “; Maybe Alb. (*sciō) shquanj “distinguish”, (*scie) shqyenj “tear, split”. Lat. sciō, scīre “ to know, understand; with infin. to know how to do “ (“ part, make a distinction “), dēscīscō, -ere “ to break away, revolt, withdraw, diverge, apostatize, renounce “, scīscō, -ere “ to investigate, inquire; poLith. to vote, ordain, resolve “ and “ try to find out “, plēbīscītum “ a decree of the people “, scītus “ knowing, shrewd, clever, judicious; pretty, fine; adv. scite, skillfully “ (like M.H.G. geschīde , Ger. gescheit to *skēi-t-) in the meaning “ eliminate “ (compare O.Ice. skīta under S. 921) M.Ir. sceïd “ vomits “ (*skei-i̯e-ti, IE *skei-), verbal n. sceith f. (from *sceth, IE *ski-tü, therefrom:) Welsh chwydu, Bret. c”houeda, M.Corn. hweža “ vomit “; from Ir. scethach “ to the travelling rupture “ places O.Ice. skjaðak n. “ ryegrass, darnel (the herbs medicine recommends such orders against gout and rheumatism and dizziness) “; M.Ir. scïan f. “ knife “, (*skii̯enü) out of it Welsh ysgïen “ knife, sword “; M.Ir. scaīlid “ lets go, unhands, relinquishes, disperses “ (*skǝi-l-), O.Ir. erscaīliud “ breakup, dissection, dissipation, fragmentation “; O.Ice. skeina “ wound lightly “; as “ * split off piece of wood, under likewise “: M.H.G. schīe m. f. “ fencing post, pale “, O.E. scīa m. “ shinbone “, next to which (compare O.H.G. bīa : bini “ bee “) Gmc. *ski-nō(n) in O.E. scinu f., scine-bün n. ‘shinbone”, O.H.G. scina ‘shinbone”, also “needle”, Nor. skĭna ‘small disc, wheel, pulley, slice of bread “; O.Fris. skidel “bones of the arm” (-dla forms); West Flem. schier “block of wood” (*skī-ro-); from “*distinguish, discern” from: O.H.G. skērī ‘sharp, sharp witted, shrewd” (*skēiro-); M.H.G. schier “quick, fast”, adv. O.H.G. skēro, skioro “quick, fast”, M.H.G. schier(e) ds., “fast”; Ltv. šk”ieva “ fissure in wood “ and Lith. skivytas ‘scrap, shred” have probably v from dv, so that to d-extension Lith. skíedžiu, Ltv. šk”iežu; Maybe Alb.Gheg shkũ-, shkũeva aor., Tosc shqyenj, shqeva aor. “tear, rind” O.C.S. cěvnica “λύρα” (eig. ‘shepherd’s pipe”), Russ. cěvjë “handle, grasp, Handhabe” and ‘shinbone”, cěvka “coil, spool, duct, tube, pipe; shinbone of horses”, etc.; besides with palatal: Lith. šeivà , šaivà , Ltv. saiva “ weaver’s reel “ (Bal.-Slav. *kōi-u̯ü, *(s)kēi-u̯ü, *(s)k̂ōiu̯ü). II. Dental extensions skē̆ i-d-, -t- (d, t partly present formant, partly the nominal forms-to-): A. forms on -d-; in Ar. and Arm. with sk̂-, in Balt with sk-: O.Ind. chinátti, themat. chindati “clips, cuts, splits”, Kaus. chēdayati; chēda - m. “cut, break, section”, chitti- “the fissures” (: Lat. scissiō), chidrá- “breaks, splits”, n. “cleft, fissure, hole”, chidira- m. (lex.) “axe, sword” (: Av. sidara-, Gk. σκιδαρός, O.H.G. scëtar, Ltv. šk”idrs “leaking”; full grade Lith. skied-rà); Av. saēd- ‘split”, avahisiδyüt̃ “ he may split “, sidara- (leg. sidra-) n. “hole, aperture, crack”, a-sista- “ not split “, balūčī sindag ‘split, break, rupture”; Arm. c̣tim “ ritze mich, zerkratze mir with den Nägeln die Haut “; Gk. σχίζω ‘split, slit, separate”, σχιστός (= Av. á-sista-, Lat. scissus) “divided, apart, separated; divisible”, σχίδαξ ‘splinter, shingle”, σχίζα f. “ piece of wood “, σχινδαλμός, Koine σκινδαλμός “wooden splinter”, ἀνασχινδυλεύω “ to spear to”; makedon. σκοῖδος “authority; administrator, governor, esp. treasurer, chief financial official in Egypt, Astrol., controller, of the Seven Planets”; Lat. scindō, -ere, scicidī, scissum “ to cut, rend, split; to divide, separate “; scissiō “the fissures”; M.Bret. squeigaff, Bret. skeja “cut, clip” (-ž- from -dj-, *skidi̯ō); Welsh ysgwydd (*skeid-), Corn. scuid, Bret. scoaz ‘scapula”; O.Ir. scīath ‘scapula, wing” (Þ instead of ð after scīath ‘shield”); without anlaut. s- perhaps Welsh cwys f. “furrow” (*kēid-tü-); O.H.G. scīzan, O.E. scītan, O.Ice. skīta “excrete feces, defecate” (*”eliminate “), M.H.G. schīze f., O.Ice. skītr m. “diarrhea”; O.H.G. scetar “thin, incomplete, fragmentary”, M.H.G. schiter(e) ds., Ger. (obd., schles.) schitter (*skidro- = O.Ind. chidrá- etc.); maybe Alb. (*skīta) skitë “diarrhea” without anlaut. s- perhaps O.Ice. hīt f. “ a furry sack “; Lith. skíedžiu, skíesti ‘separate, divide”, Iter. skáidyti (: Goth. skaidan, O.Ind. chedayati), skiedà and skiedrà, skiedarà “chip, splinter”, skíemenys pl. “ der Raum, durch welche das Weberschifflein geworfen wird “, ap-skīdę s “ zerfranst “, paskūsti “ scatter “; without anlaut. s- (through diss. loss?) probably sukìdęs “ tattered, ragged, fray “; Ltv. šḱ iedu, šḱ iest ‘scatter, waste, spread”, šḱ iemeń i pl. “ die ũber den Weberhefteln sich kreuzenden Fäden = the weaver’s little boat or SHUTTLE = this might be the hefteln (small booklet) or weaving PATTERN used by weavers “, šḱ īstu, šḱ īst “break up”, šḱ idrs “leaking, thin”, skaîda “chip, splinter”; about Ltv. šḱ ieva “col, gap”, see above S. 920; with it identical Lith. skíedžiu, skíesti “dilute”, skūstas “thin fluid”, Ltv. skaidīt “ dilute potables “, šḱ īsts “thin fluid” (and “clean, clear, bright, chaste “), šḱ īstīt “clean, säubern”, šḱ īdinüt “thin, make fluid”, šḱ idrs “thin fluid”; O.Pruss. skīstan acc. “clean”, skīstai “chaste”; O.C.S. čistъ “clean”, čistiti “clean”, čě ś tǫ , čě stiti “clean”, Church Slavic čě diti “ seihen “; Russ. ščí ryj “veritable, genuine”; compare also above S. 917; B. forms in -t-: O.Ir. scīath m. ‘shield”, Welsh ysgwyd, O.Bret. scoit, Bret. skoed ds. = O.C.S. štitъ ‘shield”, (originally “board”), next to which with gradation O.Pruss. staytan (lies scaytan) ‘shield” and Lat. scūtum ds.; Alb. (*scūtum) shqyt ‘shield” O.Ice. skīð n. “piece of wood, snowshoe” (‘ski”), O.E. scīd “piece of wood”; O.H.G. scīt “bit of wood, piece of wood” (*skīto-), M.H.G. schīten ‘split”, schīden ‘separate, divide”, geschīde “brainy, sly, cunning”, O.Ice. skīðī n. “vagina”; changing through ablaut M.H.G. scheite “chip of wood” and zero grade O.H.G. scidōn “divide”, scidunga ‘separation”, M.H.G. schit, -of m. ‘separation, differentiation “; Goth. skaidan “divide”, O.E. scēadan “divide, scatter, shed” (so also mnl. scheiden “ shed blood “); O.H.G. sceidan (participle ki-sceitan) “divide”; O.Ice. skeið n. “ part of space or time, career “, O.S. skēth m. “difference”, M.H.G. scheit f. ‘separation, watershed”; O.E.scēada, mnl. schēde , O.S. skēðlo “ vertices, vertex “, M.L.G. schēdel m., schēdele f. ds., O.H.G. sceitilo ds.; O.Ice. skeið f. “ weaver’s comb “, pl. “ sword scabbard “ (“ eig. die beiden Holzscheiben in this = wooden discs “), O.E. skǣ ð, scēað , O.H.G. sceida ‘sword scabbard”, also ‘separation, limit, boundary”, O.S. skēðia ds., O.E. sceaðel “ weaver’s comb “; M.H.G. schedel “cranium, also dry measure “, mnl. schedel “cover, lid, eyelid” (Dutch scheel “cover”), M.L.G. schedel, schidele “box, case, bag” from *skiÞla-, IE *ski-tlo-, actually “( truncated) brainpan, skullcap “; in to-participle of skēit- or skēi-d- (compare Lat. scissus) based on O.H.G. scesso “cliff, rock”; III. Labial extensions: skē̆ i-p-: Gk. σκοῖπος m. “ the basic beams on which the bricks rest; wall-plate of a building “; σκί̄πων “ staff, stick, a staff or stick to lean upon, a walking-stick, crutch “ (eig. “* cleaved, divided = split off branch “); Maybe Alb. shqeponj “walk with a limp; to lean upon a walking-stick” : shqiponja, shkabonja, gabonja “eagle, military standart on a stick; bird with sharp talons “, shqip “clear, fluent, sharp (language, Albanian language)” also shqiptonj “enounce, pronounce, enunciate, say, utter, mouth (clearly)”, shqiptar “Albanian (who speaks clearly)”; tshkep “ unstitch” (see Root du̯ō(u) : “two”) : qep “ stitch”. Gk. σκίμπους “ kind of a day bed, or a sofa to rest on during the day rather than get tucked in for the night “ (*σκιμποπους), σκίμπω, σκίμπτω “ insert “; Lat. scīpiō m. ‘staff”; s. also S. 543 under k̂eipo- “picket, pole” and S. 930 f. skēp-; Gk. σκοίψ ψώρα Hes. (the itch, scurvy, scab, mange = of skin flaking off); O.H.G. scivaro “ wood splinter or spall”, Ger. Schiefer, M.L.G. schever, M.Eng. scifra, nEng.shiver ‘splinter, shred”, M.H.G. schebe f. “ Abfall beim Flachsbrechen “, Ger. Schäbe, Eng. shive ‘slice, cut”, further (as “ cut-off piece of a trunk “), O.Ice. skīfa, O.S. skīƀa, O.H.G. scība “ disc, roll, roller, wheel, pulley, slice of bread, “, Ger. Scheibe, wherefore O.Ice. skīfa “ split, divide into sheaves “, M.L.G. schīven, M.H.G. schīben “ roll, Kegel scheiben “ (Kegel schieben through distortion), O.Fris. skīvia “divide”. skei-b-: Goth. O.Ice. O.E. skip n. ‘ship, boat” (“* ausgeschnittener, gehöhlter dugout canoe “), O.H.G. scif, scef ‘ship, Weberschiff “ also “ vessel “, sciphi n. “ drinking vessel, bowl, saucer “, M.H.G. schipfe “ shovel, piece of kindling wood (it might be used for digging) “; in addition (as “ divide = distribute “) O.Ice. skipa “ allot, decide, define, ordain, determine, sort, order, arrange “, M.L.G. schippen ds.; O.Ice. skipta “divide, decide, determine, swap, vary, exchange”, O.E. sciftan, M.L.G. schiften, schichten “divide, sort, order, arrange”; Lith. skiẽbti “unpick”, Ltv. šḱ ibî t “hew, hit, cut, clip, branching out “.

    Note: The root Root skē̆ i- : (to cut, separate) is detrimental for Alb. language because Alb. people chose it to design clear speech: Alb. (*skei-b- ), shqip “clear speech, separated words”, (*skipta) shqipto ‘speak clearly”, (*skipta) shqiptar “people who speak clearly”. Alb. people employed these cognates during Turkish long occupation to preserve their language. Hence people who didn”t speak clearly were ostracized by the majority of Alb. so important became the clear Indo European language to Alb. that they finally switched from the name Arban (Alban) to (*skipta) shqiptar “people who speak clearly”. Other Alb.

    Derivatives: (*Schäbe) shkabë “eagle (with sharp talons)”, Alb.Gheg (*scipioni) Shqipni “land of eagles”. Obviously Alb. association of (*skipta) shqiptar “people who speak clearly” and (*skipion) shqiponjë “eagle” was distorted by Illyrian soldiers serving in the Roman army. Illyrians who didn”t speak Lat. translated the Roman military ensign with the eagle as: scipio -onis, m. “a staff, wand” = Alb. (*scipioni) shqiponjë “the eagle (itself)”, also Alb. (*scipioni) Shqipni “land of eagles”. When Gergj Kastrioti “king of Epirus” presented his heraldic emblem of the eagle (the double headed imperial eagle) he inadvertently changed the name of his people. Illyrian emperors had introduced the double headed eagle of their Hittite heritage.

    References: WP. II 541 ff., WH. II 493 f., 495 f., 503, Trautmann 263 f.